By walking comfortably in the house. Feet always remain warm and comfortable. Therefore, this heating option is chosen by many summer residents who own private houses.
What is combined heating, radiators, plus underfloor heating
To fully heat the entire space of the house can be used combined heating plus heating with underfloor heating. In this case, your house will completely warm up on cold winter evenings.
As a rule, warm floors are installed in living rooms, halls and kitchens - on the first floors of a country house. In this case, either stone tiles or ceramic tiles are laid on the floor. In the bedrooms and attics, which are located on the second and higher floors, conventional radiators are already installed for heating.
So, there are three ways of heating:
- Radiator;
- Warm floor;
- Combined.
Each home has its own type of heating. It is also used for heating.
Combined heating is a combination of radiators and underfloor heating system.
If you have a one-story house, then you can only make a system of warm floors. If it is two-story, then both and combined heating can be used.
Combined heating is great to use in large houses, when the number of floors starts from two and above. Such heating allows you to heat the apartment both on the lower floors with the help of floors, and the upper ones, using heating radiators.
What does the heating scheme with underfloor heating look like?
Not every home is suitable for underfloor heating. To understand whether it is possible and possible to install a warm floor in your home, you need to look at the heating scheme.
The heating scheme must be compiled by a highly qualified specialist. He will help you draw up a floor connection scheme for your home, taking into account all its features.
To draw up a heating scheme, call a competent specialist.
The heating scheme in this case is the presence of:
- polymer pipes;
- Knot of displacement of a heat-insulated floor;
- Collectors that are needed in order to distribute hot water along the contours;
- Thermostats are devices with which you can control the entire system.
This is what underfloor heating looks like. These are the basic elements that are included in every scheme.
Before you make a system of underfloor heating, you need to study and understand what the connection diagram looks like. It will allow you to properly connect the entire system. A competent specialist will help you figure it out. It is not recommended to make the circuit yourself, otherwise it can lead to adverse consequences, in the form of an explosion of heating pipes.
How is the underfloor heating battery powered?
There is an option when underfloor heating comes from a battery. The basis of the warm floor is a liquid. It is she who should come from the battery and be distributed over the floor.
The advantage of underfloor heating from a battery is that the source, in this case the battery, is located much closer to the floor. No additional pipes needed. In addition, it is much easier to determine the size of the pipe section. The section will be identical to the section of the pipe.
Benefits of battery powered underfloor heating:
- Proximity of the source;
- The same section of pipes.
The system is powered directly from the battery. When such a floor is made, it is necessary to sprinkle everything with sand, and then cover the floor with a layer of the mixture, which must be dry.
Always make sure the floor is level.
After a layer of sand and dry mix, the next layer can be laid, for which floor tiles are needed. This way your floor will be warm and you will be able to walk on it while warming your feet.
Underfloor heating from a battery is a great option for comfortable heating. Its main advantage in the proximity of the power source gives summer residents a reason to choose just such a method of installation. with such a floor it will be uniform and warm in any places.
Do I need a combined heating system for a private house
The combined system is perfect for two-story and higher private houses. In terms of heating, the elements of the combined system do not differ too much from each other. But if they are installed together, then heating will become much more efficient.
Both wall-mounted radiators and convectors, which are placed in the floor, are connected to the combined heating system. The system is used when one type of heating is not enough. The wiring is the same in the first connection as in the second. They can even be connected to the same branch. There will be a mixed connection scheme using solid fuel material.
Connection heating radiators and convectors the same - for one circuit.
A combined system is needed if you want to heat the first and second floors separately. Use both radiators and liquid underfloor heating.
The combined system has limitations:
- It can be closed or sealed;
- It is circulating.
But this is solved by connecting different circuits into one. For this, two circuits, this is a radiator and a floor, are brought to one riser or boiler circuit. And then the issue is resolved.
If you have a tall house with more than two floors, you definitely need a combined system. She will not be redundant. Using such a system, you will be able to walk on a warm floor in "passable" places, such as a hall and a kitchen. And in the bedrooms you can be content with radiator heating.
How is underfloor heating (video)
Heating underfloor heating is a new round in heating systems. Previously, only old batteries and radiators were used. Today, to create comfort in the house, it is pleasant to walk along warm floor that keeps your feet warm wherever you step. Warm floors today replace radiators. However, combined heating is also used in private homes.
In order for the house to always be warm even in severe frosts, you need to take good care of the heating system.
Combined heating includes simultaneous floor heating and the use of radiators. And for such a system to work flawlessly, it must be properly connected.
To do this, you can make it combined. Combined heating of a private house is becoming more and more popular, because thanks to it it is much easier to make the microclimate in the house comfortable at any time of the year.
For example, a combination is considered very effective: underfloor heating plus radiator heating. Of course, for this system to work effectively, you need to know how to connect it correctly and how it should work. There are several connection options, and each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Underfloor heating in a combined heating system of a private house
This choice has unique advantages, it is practically the best option for combined heating for a private house. Operating costs will not increase, but the house will be much warmer. These factors are important and even significant. After all, you can just buy a heater (or several), and the house will become much warmer.
But this option is very expensive. Buying heaters and subsequent electricity bills is unlikely to please you.
With different schemes for heating a private house, you can connect a warm floor in different ways. It is also worth paying attention to if you are just starting to build a house. Discuss this point with the designer or independently develop a combined heating project.
Single pipe system plus underfloor heating
The design consists of the following elements:
- boiler;
- security block;
- valves;
- circulation pump;
- expansion tank.
The radiator system is made in the form of two branches, and each branch is regulated by a separate riser located next to the connection to the main riser. Each of the radiators is equipped with two valves for supply and return.
This is done so that in the event of a radiator failure, it is possible to replace it without shutting down the entire system.
Underfloor heating is connected to this system as follows:
- from the boiler, the coolant is supplied with a temperature of at least 80 degrees, when it goes back, its temperature is reduced to about 50 degrees. Therefore, the warm floor is connected precisely to the reverse;
- since the valves are installed both on the supply and on the return, you can turn off the warm floor without stopping the operation of the entire system. For adjustment, a bypass is installed on the return pipe, by adjusting which you can send part or all of the coolant immediately to the boiler.
This is done when the heat carrier is too hot. The bypass can be closed or opened completely or halfway, you will regulate this process yourself depending on the temperature in the rooms.
Second option
Radiators are connected according to a single-pipe scheme; in this embodiment, the heating process proceeds as follows:
- The return from the first pipe is the supply for the second. Of course, such a system is imperfect, because you can have three or four radiators, in which case the coolant for the last radiator will no longer be hot enough;
- such a system all the more requires the connection of a warm floor, since its efficiency may not be sufficient to warm the entire building. Here you need to connect it to the supply, but for this you will need a thermostatic mixing unit to control the temperature.
80 degrees (namely, this is the temperature in the supply) is too much for a warm floor, simply because it is uncomfortable for a person.
Two-pipe heating system plus underfloor heating
In a two-pipe design, a separate pipe for supply and return and the floor are connected to the return pipe right in front of the boiler.
The temperature is the most suitable for it, but the adjustment is set in any case, as in the first option, use the bypass for this.
Here, too, you can turn off the floor completely or half. This is very important, because even in winter the weather changes very quickly.
Heating a private house should be not only reliable and safe, but also convenient.
Stove and combined heating of a private house
In most private houses, an ordinary stove is used as heating, but despite the fact that this device is very ancient, it can be improved and made into a modern combined device.
Equipment:
- heat generator (in this case, the furnace plays its role);
- pipes and radiators;
- thermal liquid accumulator;
- air temperature sensor;
- mixing node.
You should be aware that when installing such a combined system, you need to place air temperature sensors in the coolest place in the house. It is more convenient and reliable to entrust the installation of such a system to professionals in order to ensure fire safety.
But if you plan to do it yourself, then you need to follow the recommendations of experts and in no case do everything at random, since the life and health of you and your loved ones and, of course, your comfort and convenience depend on it.
Connecting a thermal liquid accumulator allows the heat given off by the furnace to be stored and used for quite a long time. Heat accumulates during the combustion of the fuel, and then, thanks to the mixing unit, it is gradually supplied to the heating system.
Just a few loads of firewood in the morning allow you to save the battery so much heat that it will last until the evening. To maintain a comfortable heating temperature, you do not need to heat the house every 3-4 hours, even in the most severe frosts.
The house will remain warm until the evening thanks to the combined heating system.
The "warm floor" system, most often, cannot independently provide high-quality heating of the entire house. But in combination with traditional radiators, underfloor heating fully reveals its potential.
Underfloor heating primarily attracts attention with its ability to create high thermal comfort. In addition, floor heating is more economical than radiator heating.
In houses with two or more floors, warm floors are arranged in the hall and living room, located on the first level. The upper floors are heated mainly by radiators, because underfloor heating increases the load on the ceiling and, due to the large inertia, makes it difficult to control the climate of the living quarters. Such a need constantly arises in the bedrooms, when the automation prepares the room for sleeping, setting the recommended 18-19 ° C there.
Warm floors have much more inertia than radiators. This is due to the high heat capacity of the massive cement screed, in which the heating pipes are laid. Radiators will raise the air temperature in a room much faster than a floor system. Therefore, the joint use of these heating means is considered optimal.
In the underfloor heating circuit, the water temperature is much lower than in radiators and does not exceed 55°C. At the same time, the floor itself does not heat up above 35 ° C, giving off heat to the room. Low temperature radiator systems are rarely used because they require the use of radiators. large sizes(2 times more than standard). They are economically unprofitable, especially when it is necessary to heat large areas.
Underfloor heating conditions
The temperature of the warm floor must be within a strictly defined temperature range. That's why they have warm floors, not hot or barely warm. The surface temperature of underfloor heating should not exceed 29°C for living areas and 33°C for bathrooms. In this way, thermal power water floor heating systems cannot exceed 80 W/m². However, such a requirement does not apply to systems located in rooms with large heat losses, as well as if the ceiling height exceeds 3 m.
The water heated floor must be open, i.e. it cannot be forced with various furniture and other items, as well as covered with carpets. For this reason, sometimes you have to give up underfloor heating in the bathroom, because after installing all the plumbing equipment, there is very little space left on the floor.
The problem may arise if you want to install underfloor heating on the second floor of the house. The need to perform an additional screed, in which the heating pipes will be located, leads to an increase in the load on the ceiling, for which it is not designed. And, first of all, this applies to water floor heating, since its device requires the greatest thickness of the screed. Electric floor systems as primary heating systems are currently unpopular due to the significant operating costs associated with the high cost of electricity. Gas is still the cheapest energy carrier, and gas heating equipment- the safest.
Combined heating with radiator priority
A home heating system often involves the use of radiators and underfloor heating at the same time. However, the temperature of the radiators is much higher than the maximum allowable temperature for underfloor heating. This problem is solved by including thermostatic valves in each underfloor heating circuit. They limit the temperature of the coolant returning from the system.
The thermostatic valve head reacts to the temperature of the water in the circuit, and not the air in the room, as is the case with thermostatic valves. With an increase in the temperature of the coolant entering the coil, the valve closes until the temperature drops to the control values. 
For aesthetic reasons, thermostatic valves are mounted in a junction box. Special valves are also produced, which are located in wall boxes.
With the combined use of radiators and underfloor heating, it is necessary to take into account the appropriate resistance to the flow of the coolant. This resistance of the coil and the radiator circuit should be approximately equal. In this case, both circuits are connected to the system in parallel. The area occupied by the coil in this case should not exceed 15 m², since the resistance to water flow will be too high. Installation of this system is simple and therefore inexpensive.
Underfloor heating priority
To ensure the joint operation of the combination of underfloor heating and radiators as an auxiliary circuit, more complex solutions are needed than in the above scheme. In this case, two parallel subsystems are used. At the same time, both of them are equipped with a separate circulation pump.
To regulate the temperature of the heat carrier in the floor coil, a three-way valve is used, which is controlled by a weather controller. Thermostatic valves are installed on the radiators, which automatically open when the underfloor heating circuit cannot cope with space heating. When the valves on the radiators close the circulation, the pump should stop. It is best to use a pump with the possibility of electronic speed control for this purpose. Its performance will change along with the flow resistance. When the thermostatic valves are fully closed, the pressure in the system increases, and the pump blades stop, after which it will be turned off.
Separation of heating circuits
When heating large areas, which are found in large houses, it is most advantageous to make the contours of radiators and underfloor heating independent. This makes sense both in terms of hydraulics and thermal comfort. This solution will cost a lot, but the systems will be highly reliable and will not fail during operation, which is important. By simplifying the system in order to save money, we doom ourselves to problems during the heating season, which are primarily related to temperature control.
Independent circuits are much easier to regulate. When connecting them, collectors are used - sections of pipes of a larger diameter. This solution allows to reduce the flow rate of the coolant, and facilitates the adjustment of the flow rate in each circuit. Adjustment is provided by three-way valves controlled by a weather regulator. These valves are located at the inlet of the circuits in front of the circulation pump, which each of them is equipped with. 
Separate circuits allow you to set the temperature in rooms with different types of heating independently of the arcs from each other. In its turn individual systems can be divided into subsystems, which will allow you to set your own temperature for each room. This not only increases the level of comfort, but also leads to savings on heating costs. For example, in rooms that are operated periodically, the temperature can be reduced to a minimum. In "smart home" systems, with the help of separate circuits and sub-circuits, programmatic control of the temperature in the premises is carried out.
Multi-circuit systems are also used in the case when the possibilities for adjusting the power of the boiler are limited. Three-way valves completely solve the problem of excessive coolant temperature in heating circuit. At the same time, the boiler continues to operate at maximum efficiency.
Reducing the force of the flow of water passing through the boiler
In heating systems, in which a mounted boiler serves as a heat source, there is a problem of exceeding the maximum allowable flow force parameters for this boiler. There is a direct dependence of the speed of movement of the coolant in the system on the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the boiler. The smaller this difference, the greater the flow force, because it is necessary to supply a sufficient amount of heat to the heated room. This dependence is expressed by the following formula:
q = Q/(1.163 Δt), where Q- boiler power, q- flow force (l/h), Δt- temperature difference between inlet and return water.
In order to prevent the force of the flow, the hydraulic resistance of the incoming and outgoing pipes is increased. They do it in two ways. The first is the installation of valves, the clearance of which is adjusted in such a way that the coolant passes through the boiler at the required speed. The second solution is the hydraulic switch, which reduces the flow force by a few percent.
Weather controllers and time programming
by the most effective way control of the underfloor heating system is the use of weather controllers and time programming. These funds allow you to avoid temperature dips due to the high inertia of underfloor heating and save energy.
The weather controller makes adjustments to the operation of the system as the outside temperature changes. So, if outside the window the temperature began to decrease, then, at the signal of the weather regulator, the coolant is heated up, without waiting for the temperature in the house to drop.
Temporary programming allows you to set temperature conditions for heated rooms. Regime changes in temperature contribute to the optimization of heating costs. The temperature can be lowered at night in the bedrooms, during the day - during the absence of the owners, and brought to a comfortable level in the morning and evening.