Many owners of private houses or apartments believe that an electric heating system is not economical. This point of view has a completely adequate explanation, since electricity is a rather expensive source of energy. Sometimes there are situations when alternative heating systems do not justify themselves or are simply not available for certain reasons. In such a situation, it will be necessary to use the energy carrier that is available. Electric heating systems can also be divided into different categories, so you should choose exactly the electric heating that will be the most profitable and economical.
Direct heating with electricity. Use of convectors and radiators
Any of the options for organizing electric heating has both its advantages and disadvantages. The most popular and common heaters powered by the network are convectors and electric radiators.
Oil-type radiators are in greater demand. Such devices are more suitable for local heating.
An oil cooler is such a device, the body of which consists of several sections connected to each other.
Inside this design is a mineral-type coolant. Heating elements are immersed in this coolant, which are necessary for heating the radiator. Many models of household type oil radiators have heating elements with a power of 2.5 to 3 kW. Thanks to this power, the oil heats up in a fairly short period of time. Mineral oil contributes to the fact that the heating element heats up to a very high temperature of 2000 degrees. Oil radiators are well suited for heating any room in a house or apartment.
Oil radiators will not justify themselves if they are used for general heating of an apartment or house, since they cannot be classified as economical. Such devices are justified only if they are used as an additional heating device.
An alternative to such devices can be called electric type convectors. They can also be installed as a general heater.
However, they will be justified only if it is impossible to organize a water heating system in the building. The convector housing contains a heating element that converts electricity into heat. From this heating component, hot air rises and exits through special openings that are in the convector body. Almost all modern electric convectors are equipped with special gratings, thanks to which it is possible to adjust the volume of outgoing air. At the bottom of the convector housing there are holes that are necessary for cold air to enter the device. This air is further heated and exits through the upper openings.
Almost all convectors are equipped with special automatic temperature sensors, the principle of operation of which is similar to that of a heating tap. When the air that enters the convector through its lower openings is warm enough, the sensors will work and the appliance will turn off. Thanks to these parameters and characteristics, electric convectors are more justified in terms of energy savings than oil-type radiators.
According to their design features, there are several types of convectors: wall convectors and floor convectors.
Such devices are the most popular, but there are also convectors such as floor convectors. If the choice fell on the last type of convectors, then it is best to install them in the area along the window. In this case, they will not only heat the room, but will also become additional protection against drafts and street cold that penetrates through the window. Electric heating convector will be more profitable and economical compared to oil coolers, however, the use of solid or liquid fuels or gas will still be cheaper.
Underfloor heating system
A warm floor cannot be considered the main heating system, but it will justify itself well as an additional source of heat. Underfloor heating is a structure consisting of a heating film and cables heating type. This design is mounted under the floor covering. Special temperature sensors are installed on some parts of the floor, which are connected to a thermostat installed on one of the walls of the room.
Such heating with electricity, like underfloor heating, allows you to independently adjust the heating in the apartment, setting a certain temperature regime. The installation of such a heating system is not a too complicated process, so you can do it yourself, without asking for help from specialists. We have a lot of recommendations, as well as videos that will help you cope with this task. A system such as electrical floor heating, is not suitable as a universal heat source, so it will only be justified as an additional heating system.
infrared heating
Using infrared devices for heating with electricity is another method that allows you to heat a house or apartment. The infrared heater contains a heating element inside the housing, which is a source of infrared radiation. The infrared waves that come from this device do not heat the air in the room, but the objects to which they are directed. Such devices are considered the most efficient, as they radiate heat to where it is needed, and do not waste it.
Modern infrared heaters boast an efficiency that exceeds 90%. Infrared heater of all electrical appliances considered the most profitable and economical.
Their only significant disadvantage is that they are quite expensive. Before you decide on one of the electric heaters, it is better to make calculations on how quickly the costs will pay off.
Water heating: heating elements boilers
Electrical water heating considered more efficient than using only simple heating appliances. This heating system uses ordinary water as a heat carrier. In order for the water to be heated to the required temperature, the system is equipped with a device such as a boiler or an electric boiler. Household-type boilers that are used to heat water are not suitable as the main device of a water-based electric heating system. The boiler, which is necessary for the efficient operation of the heating system, must have much higher power ratings. To organize an autonomous electric heating system, a wide variety of installations can be used, such as:
- heating elements;
- induction installations;
- Electrode installations.
The most popular are heating elements, which can be seen in the photo. The principle of operation of such boilers is as follows: the coolant enters the internal tank of such boilers. A heating element is placed in the tank, which will begin to heat up, and its temperature will be transferred to the coolant. Thanks to the circulation pump, the coolant will flow into heating circuit and then distributed to the final consumer, that is, to heating radiators.
It must be remembered that the heating element is the most vulnerable spot at the boiler. It is necessary to choose a boiler in which the heating element is a replaceable component. Ten after a few years may fail, as it will be covered with scale, and then it will need to be replaced. Most boilers are equipped with automation, which allows you to turn on a certain operating mode. This allows you to significantly save on electricity, since the boiler will heat water only when it is needed.
Another advantage that electric water heating gives is the fact that electrical components do not come into contact with water at all. In the event of an accident, the automation will completely turn off the heating element.
Electrode devices
A better alternative to water heating heating elements, which involves the use of electricity for heating, can be called electrode-type boilers. Such a device is a container of a small volume, inside which there are electrodes. When the boiler is filled with water, current will be supplied to these electrodes, and this, in turn, will cause the water to heat up.
In order for the electrode boiler to work as efficiently as possible, it will be necessary to subject the coolant to special preparation. An electrode boiler consumes more electricity than a heating element boiler. However, it is more reliable and does not break down as often.
Induction boilers
IN induction boilers two circuits are located at once: one is heat exchanger, and the other is magnetic. In the magnetic circuit there is a coil that creates a magnetic field, and due to this, the coolant is heated. The principle of operation of such a circuit is very similar to the principle of operation hob induction type. The heat exchange circuit is necessary in order for temperature redistribution to occur in it. After that, the coolant will heat up and begin to flow into the heating system of the house.
The most important advantage of this type of boilers is the safety of their use. This can be explained by the fact that there are no heating components in the boilers.
Among the disadvantages of such devices, one can single out their high price, as well as a rather complicated smooth adjustment of thermal conditions.
Advantages and disadvantages of electric heating
Any electrical systems heating systems have both advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages of electric heating:
- It can be installed independently;
- Permission to install such devices is much easier to obtain than, for example, permission to install a gas boiler;
- Electric heaters are easier to set up and easier to manage;
- The fuel supply does not need constant monitoring, all that is needed is to set a certain temperature regime;
- Pretty fast heating;
- A comfortable temperature regime in the room will be established only after 10-15 minutes after the system starts working.
Disadvantages of electric heaters, which are most often covered by reviews:
- The equipment is quite expensive, in particular, such devices that are equipped with various automations belong to the high price category;
- Heating the space itself is quite expensive;
- High loads on electrical wiring and voltage cables.
If such shortcomings are not very frightening, then such a heating system will be considered quite effective. An electric heating system is much easier to organize than any other.
Add a comment
Electric heating is an affordable solution for residential buildings, country and city cottages, summer cottages and homestead buildings. Modern automated systems make it possible to quickly and easily equip a building with an autonomous heat supply system based on heating elements, electrodes or induction processes. And the only condition for its successful operation is the uninterrupted supply of electrical energy and the compliance of the power available for connecting power lines to the purchased devices.
WHAT CAN THE ELECTRIC HEATING OF A PRIVATE HOUSE DO?
Planning to use electric heating in a private house, Most owners rely, first of all, on the ease of operation of the equipment. And indeed, boilers equipped with the most modern automation practically do not require human attention. They do not need to be regularly refueled, subjected to mechanical cleaning from contaminants and maintenance. And the absence of emissions harmful to the environment makes such a solution not only environmentally friendly, but also justified in terms of safety.
The compact size and attractive appearance of mounted electric boilers allow them to be placed without much interference even in small rooms. In this case, you do not have to equip the chimney and plan other transformations to ensure fire safety. And completely offline work will allow you to maintain a comfortable level of heat throughout the year without unnecessary risk. And even in unexpected spring frosts, it will not be difficult for you to put it into operation for a short time in order to slightly increase the temperature in the rooms.
Another important advantage is silent operation. System electric heating in a private house in this case does not create inconvenience for all its inhabitants.
WHICH TYPE OF ELECTRIC HEATING IN A PRIVATE HOUSE TO CHOOSE?
All existing options involve the use of technical means focused on the supply of thermal energy to the premises. What heating devices most effectively cope with the tasks assigned to them?
1. Boilers. The most effective and costly option in terms of initial cost. In this case, it is better to entrust the installation of a water heating system to professionals. Setting up boiler equipment and starting up should also be done under the supervision of specialists. But during operation, such a technological solution will not cause trouble. And the replacement of the electric boiler will be needed no earlier than in ten or more years. So, we can safely say that such a system electric heating of a private house is optimal for long term use.
2. Convectors or fan heaters - their domestic power usually does not exceed 2 kW, which means that at least five such devices will be required to heat a house of 100 m2. This is almost impossible given the power of a standard household electrical network.
3. Underfloor heating systems - at first glance, a practical solution, in practice it turns out to be not very viable. To provide a full-scale supply of heat to residential premises in severe frosts such a system electric heating of a private house is unlikely to be able to. And in terms of energy consumption, it is quite comparable to the operation of a full-fledged boiler.
4. Self-contained electric heaters - oil coolers, infrared heaters and other electrical appliances are cheap, but quite dangerous in terms of uncontrolled operation. And their power is not enough for the normal heating of a residential building with an area of \u200b\u200bno more than 30 - 40 m2. Accordingly, consider this option electric heating of a private house it's clearly not worth it.
HOW TO BE WHEN THE ELECTRICITY IS OFF?
Considering the possibilities of arranging electric heating of a private house, most owners are concerned about the possibility of freezing or system failure in the event of an emergency power outage. But this problem has a very simple solution. It is enough to equip the boiler with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which allows to ensure the preservation of its performance for a certain period. The capacity of the equipment will depend on the following factors:
- - the frequency of shutdowns ("rolling" - for 2-3 hours, associated with exceeding consumption limits or other factors, "repair" - for a period of 2 to 8 hours, "emergency" - with troubleshooting within a period of 12 to 72 hours) ;
- - the power of the boiler and other electrical appliances, the "viability" of which needs to be maintained;
- — degree of automation of standby equipment.
It is these factors that should be considered if you want to ensure the uninterrupted operation of the equipment used for electric heating of a private house. It is also worth considering that a conventional UPS will be useless in this situation - you need a model that supports connecting an external battery. For “fanning” and periodic shutdowns, a power supply with a power of up to 600 W and a battery with a capacity of 500 Ah will suffice. A 100 Ah battery will ensure the operation of the boiler and automation for up to 8 hours. A day of uninterrupted operation will withstand a battery with a capacity of about 200 Ah. And in case of lengthy repair work on the power grid, it is worth stocking up with an additional inverter-type gas generator.
Electrical heating at home. Electric heating options and solutions
To date Vacation home or a cottage can be heated in several ways: natural or main gas, liquid or solid fuel. But at the same time, all the diversity should not be forgotten about electricity. Most often electrical heating appliances they are not used as the main method of heating the house, but as an additional or temporary one. However, not all houses can be supplied with gas, and the use of all kinds of solid fuel boilers for one reason or another is not possible or not satisfactory. In such cases, heating the house with the help of electricity is used - an electric heating system is created.
Varieties of electric heaters and heating systems
Modern technologies allow the consumer to choose a fairly large number of electric heating equipment. Thus, everyone can choose for themselves the best option in all respects. So today there are many solutions for electric home heating.
The oil-filled radiator is the most popular heater because it is easy to use and affordable for every consumer. At the same time, it does not require special skills in installation, it is enough to place it indoors and connect it directly to the network. He is metal structure inside, which contains mineral oil and a special heating element.
Modern models are equipped with a thermostat, a cable storage compartment, and also have good protection against overheating. In addition, the oil cooler may have a horizontal position sensor that disables the heater if it falls. And with the help of the built-in timer, you can significantly save energy consumption, since it is possible to adjust the heating time of the room.
The cost of a radiator and its power directly depend on its size and the number of sections. Most often, such heaters have from 5 to 12 sections and power from 1 to 2.5 kW. In order to choose the right model, you should know that 1 kW is enough to heat a room up to 10 sq.m.
In addition to low cost, oil coolers are distinguished by their mobility and silent operation. In the process of heating, their body has a low heating temperature, which is not only safer for others, but also oxygen and dust are not burned. Thus, regular use of oil radiators is not harmful to health.
The convector is the same radiator, only with a smooth body. If an oil-filled radiator heats a room in the form of thermal radiation, then this heater works by raising heated air along the surface and lowering colder air. The convector is a device that has a protective decorative case made of metal. At the bottom there are holes for cold air to enter, and at the top for warm air to exit. At the bottom of the structure is a heating element (heating element).
Some models can be equipped with a thermostat, which makes it possible to automatically maintain the selected air temperature. This device designed for mounting on the wall, most often it is mounted under the window so that the heated air rising up eliminates the cold air coming from the window.
The electric convector, in view of its work, has some disadvantages: dust is carried around the room with the circulating air. Therefore, during the operation of such a heater, frequent wet cleaning is desirable.
Heating with the help of such equipment occurs through special lamps that emit a large amount of heat. The work of such lamps takes place in the spectrum invisible to the human eye. At the same time, it is not the air itself that is heated, but the objects in the room.
If the installation of traditional heating systems requires a sufficiently large amount of time and financial costs, then in order to warm the house with infrared heater these costs will be much less. To date, there are models that are designed for installation, both on the wall and on the ceiling.
Film infrared heaters
These heaters belong to the PleN system (Film Energy Heaters) and are able to heat the area of the house, while consuming 15 W per 1 sq.m. It is possible to automatically control the temperature regime with an accuracy of one degree, and it is also possible to use economic heating as needed (during working hours, for example).
If we compare in terms of costs, then heating with gas and a film heater of the PleN system is almost the same, but at the same time it is much less than when heating with a convector. And if other heating systems require regular Maintenance, then you can forget about infrared heaters for good.
The film heater has the following types:
- ceiling;
- floor.
The first type of heater works according to a natural principle, which can be compared with the heating of our planet by the Sun. Infra-red rays that have reached a solid surface, in our case, furniture and floor, heat them up. And they, in turn, after their heating, transfer heat to the surrounding space.
The second variety floor version, a heater from the Plen system is most often used as an additional method of heating a private house. Therefore, its area should be equal to the zone of human activity.
This heating system has interesting fact: according to research, infrared rays with a wavelength of 5 to 15 microns have a beneficial effect on human health and the body as a whole. And it is precisely such waves that a film infrared heater (IR) emits. Therefore, an infrared heater, in addition to its direct purpose, is able to fight colds, stomach problems, as well as promote weight loss and cellulite treatment. In addition to these advantages, this type of heating is quite economical, fast and efficient.
Electric floor heating
Today, this method of heating a house is extremely popular. Its system is as follows: a heating electric cable and a temperature sensor are laid under the floor (instead of a cable, there may be an infrared heater film or electric mats). Thus, the warm floor heats the air in the lower part of the room, which then, due to its lightness, rises up. The temperature difference between the floor and ceiling is 3-4 degrees.
but Maximum temperature can be about 30 degrees, otherwise it would not be comfortable to move around the room with a higher one, and not every floor covering can withstand higher heat. Therefore, the "warm floor" system is most often used as an additional method of heating the room.
The principle of operation of a heating system based on an electric boiler is quite simple. You can compare with all the usual water heating, the batteries of which are in almost every apartment. The water heated in the boiler room enters the apartment through pipes and then fills the batteries, which heat up and give off heat and actually heat the apartment. It's the same here, only the heating boiler is your own, a closed circuit of pipes and heating radiators is located only in your house and by controlling the temperature of the water heating in the system, you can regulate the temperature inside each room.
The option of heating houses with the help appeared relatively recently. Its principle of operation is to transfer heat from a thermally insulated environment. The location of its heat exchanger should be an environment with a constant temperature (river bottom or soil). Installing such a system will require quite a lot of money, but in the process of its operation, resources will be saved up to 80%. At the same time, in winter, with the help of a pump, you can extract heat to heat the house, and on hot days - cool air.
Solutions similar to a heat pump also include and windmills, whose main task is to convert the received energy into electricity (they themselves do not heat anything, they only produce energy). But then you have to choose which of the methods of electric heating at home to use.
Benefits of electric heating
Heating a private house with electricity, in addition to several disadvantages, has many advantages. So, when heating rooms with electrical appliances, harmful emissions do not occur, as with fuel-fired boilers. Therefore, this method is completely environmentally friendly. At the same time, in order to heat the house, additional labor and financial costs will not be required for the construction of a chimney or the arrangement of a boiler room.
Electric heating equipment is characterized by simple and safe operation, because in this case contact with liquid fuel or gas is not required. And in order to control the heating elements and maintain the desired temperature in the room, no special skills and efforts are required. Do not forget about the high coefficient of performance (COP), due to which almost all the heat is directed directly to heating.
Disadvantages of electric heating
The main problem in this situation is the rather high financial costs of electricity. Therefore, it is important to carefully choose heating devices. It may be that the cost of the equipment itself will be small, but the electricity consumption is much higher than that of more expensive models. And the low cost can not guarantee the high quality of the equipment.
Another nuance when heating a house with electricity is the state of the relevant communications. If the wiring leaves much to be desired, then there will be no guarantee of uninterrupted, and most importantly, safe power supply.
Modern trends in the development of the direction of electric heating make it possible to improve electric heating devices every year, making them more automated and economical. Thus, every person who decides to heat his house with electricity will be able to choose the right option for himself.
In general, the electric heating system of a private house is the only alternative along with traditional solutions. Compared to other types of heating systems, electric ones attract attention primarily due to their practicality, ease of use, independence and autonomy. With their help, owners of private houses can solve the problem of space heating as soon as possible.
Types of electrical heating appliances
According to recent studies, they have the highest efficiency. Almost everyone heater has a temperature setting function, so they are one of the most economical. They do not require any maintenance and are almost silent, which makes them a real find for those who love a quiet countryside holiday.
Unlike liquid heat carriers, electrical energy is immediately converted into heat. In addition, with such a heating system, emergency leaks are excluded. From the foregoing, it can already be concluded that electric heating systems meet all modern requirements human and are safe, hygienic and silent.
infrared heating
If you do not know how to make your home warmer, our photo and video instructions will help you. Seeing everything with your own eyes, you will understand that electric heating systems are no worse than others, and in many ways surpass their counterparts!